Shoulder pain can be a frustrating and limiting experience, especially when it affects daily activities like lifting, reaching, or even sleeping. Two common causes of shoulder pain are bursitis and tendinitis, and while they share similarities, they are distinct conditions requiring different treatment approaches. Understanding the differences can help in proper diagnosis and management.
What Is Shoulder Bursitis?
Bursitis is the inflammation of the bursa, a small fluid-filled sac that cushions the shoulder joint and reduces friction between bones, tendons, and muscles. When the bursa becomes irritated due to repetitive motion, trauma, or prolonged pressure, it leads to pain and swelling.
Symptoms of Shoulder Bursitis:
âś… Dull, aching pain in the shoulder. âś… Pain that worsens with movement or pressure (e.g., lying on the affected side). âś… Swelling or warmth over the shoulder. âś… Limited range of motion. âś… Pain at rest, especially at night.
Causes of Bursitis:
- Repetitive overhead activities (e.g., painting, swimming, weightlifting).
- Direct trauma to the shoulder.
- Prolonged pressure on the joint.
- Inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis.
- Infection (Septic Bursitis) in rare cases.
What Is Shoulder Tendinitis?
Tendinitis (or tendonitis) is the inflammation or irritation of the tendons, which connect muscles to bones. In the shoulder, tendinitis typically affects the rotator cuff or biceps tendons, leading to pain and stiffness.
Symptoms of Shoulder Tendinitis:
âś… Sharp or aching pain in the front or side of the shoulder. âś… Pain that worsens with movement, especially overhead activities. âś… Weakness in the arm. âś… Stiffness and difficulty lifting objects. âś… Clicking or popping sensation in the shoulder.
Causes of Tendinitis:
- Repetitive arm movements (e.g., throwing, swimming, tennis).
- Aging-related tendon degeneration.
- Poor posture and biomechanics.
- Sudden injury or overuse.
Key Differences Between Bursitis and Tendinitis
Feature | Bursitis | Tendinitis |
Affected Structure | Bursa (fluid-filled sac) | Tendons (connect muscle to bone) |
Pain Location | Diffuse pain around the shoulder | Localized pain in the tendon area |
Pain Trigger | Worse with pressure or rest | Worse with movement |
Swelling | Often present | Usually absent |
Cause | Repetitive motion, trauma, arthritis | Overuse, aging, poor mechanics |
Diagnosis and Treatment
A healthcare professional may use physical exams, ultrasound, or MRI to distinguish between bursitis and tendinitis. Treatment often includes:
Conservative Treatments
- Rest and Activity Modification: Avoid repetitive overhead motions.
- Ice Therapy: Reduces inflammation and pain.
- NSAIDs (Ibuprofen, Naproxen): Help control pain and swelling.
- Physical Therapy: Strengthens shoulder muscles and improves mobility.
- Postural Corrections: Avoiding slouching or improper lifting techniques.
Advanced Treatments
- Corticosteroid Injections: Provide relief for severe cases.
- Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Therapy: Helps tissue healing.
- Minimally Invasive Procedures: In cases of persistent pain, procedures like bursa drainage or tendon repair may be required.
When to See a Doctor?
Seek medical help if you experience:
Severe pain that doesn’t improve with rest.
Significant swelling, redness, or warmth (signs of infection).
Weakness or inability to move the arm.
Persistent pain affecting daily activities.
Conclusion
While bursitis and tendinitis both cause shoulder pain, understanding their differences can lead to more effective treatment and faster recovery. If shoulder pain is interfering with your life, consult a pain specialist to get the right diagnosis and treatment plan.
Would you like expert guidance on shoulder pain management? Contact ALGOS Pain Clinic today!
REFERENCES
- Weiss LJ, Wang D, Hendel M, Buzzerio P, Rodeo SA. Management of Rotator Cuff Injuries in the Elite Athlete. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2018 Mar;11(1):102-112. [PMC free article] [PubMed]
- Harrison AK, Flatow EL. Subacromial impingement syndrome. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2011 Nov;19(11):701-8.[PubMed]
- Greenberg DL. Evaluation and treatment of shoulder pain. Med Clin North Am. 2014 May;98(3):487-504.[PubMed]
- Bigliani LU, Levine WN. Subacromial impingement syndrome. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1997 Dec;79(12):1854-68.[PubMed]
