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Herniated Discs
A herniated disc, also known as a slipped or ruptured disc, occurs when the soft, gel-like center of a spinal disc pushes through a crack in the tougher exterior casing. This condition can cause pain, numbness, or weakness in an arm or leg, depending on the location of the herniated disc. It is a common condition that can affect any part of the spine, but it most often occurs in the lower back or the neck.
What is a Herniated Disc?
Spinal discs are soft, rubbery pads between the vertebrae that make up the spinal column. Each disc has a tough outer layer (annulus fibrosus) and a gel-like center (nucleus pulposus). A herniated disc occurs when the nucleus pulposus bulges out through a tear or rupture in the annulus fibrosus. This can press on the spinal nerves or the spinal cord, leading to symptoms.
Causes
Several factors can contribute to the development of herniated discs, including:
Age-Related Degeneration
As people age, spinal discs lose water content, becoming less flexible and more prone to tears or ruptures.
Trauma
Injuries from accidents, falls, or heavy lifting can cause discs to herniate.
Repetitive Strain
Activities that involve repetitive bending, twisting, or heavy lifting can increase the risk of disc herniation.
Genetics
Some individuals may have a genetic predisposition to disc degeneration and herniation.
Lifestyle Factors
Smoking, obesity, and a sedentary lifestyle can weaken the spinal discs and increase the likelihood of herniation.
Symptoms
Lower Back (Lumbar Herniation): Pain in the lower back, buttocks, thigh, and calf. Pain may radiate down the leg (sciatica).
Neck (Cervical Herniation): Pain in the neck, shoulder, arm, or hand. Pain may radiate down the arm.
Numbness or Tingling:A herniated disc can cause numbness or tingling in the areas served by the affected nerves.
Weakness: Muscles served by the affected nerves may weaken, leading to difficulty in lifting or holding objects.
Loss of Reflexes: Reflexes in the knee or ankle may be reduced.
Diagnosis of Herniated Discs
Medical History and Physical Examination:
The physician will assess the patient’s symptoms, medical history, and perform a physical exam to evaluate pain, reflexes, muscle strength, and sensory function.
Imaging Studies:
MRI: Provides detailed images of soft tissues, including discs, nerves, and the spinal cord.
CT Scan: Offers detailed cross-sectional images of the spine.
X-Rays: Can help rule out other causes of back pain but do not show herniated discs directly.
When to See a Doctor
Consult a doctor if you have:
Severe pain that doesn’t improve with rest
Pain spreading down one or both legs
Weakness, numbness, or tingling in your legs
Unexplained weight loss along with back pain
Treatment Options
Treatment aims to relieve pain, improve function, and prevent further injury. Options include:
Conservative Treatments:
- Rest: Short-term rest and avoiding activities that exacerbate symptoms.
- Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), pain relievers, muscle relaxants, or corticosteroids to manage pain and inflammation.
- Physical Therapy: Exercises to strengthen the muscles supporting the spine, improve flexibility, and reduce pain.
- Heat/Ice Therapy: Application of heat or ice to reduce pain and inflammation.
Pain Interventions
Epidural Steroid Injections: To reduce inflammation and pain around the affected nerves.
Intradiscal Ozone : Injections to shrink the herniated disc and reduce pain.
Radiofrequency Ablation : Procedure to help block the painful nerves using heat energy resulting in long term pain relief.
Conclusion
A herniated disc can cause significant pain and discomfort, impacting a person’s quality of life. However, with proper diagnosis and treatment, many patients can achieve relief and return to their normal activities.
At ALGOS, we offer comprehensive care for spinal conditions, utilizing advanced diagnostic tools and a range of treatment options tailored to each patient’s needs. If you’re experiencing symptoms of a herniated disc, contact us to schedule a consultation and take the first step towards recovery.
Located centrally on Cunningham Road in Bengaluru, our clinic is easily accessible from all parts of the city, ensuring high-quality pain management services are available to everyone.
- 7975896550
- algospainclinic@gmail.com
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